For over 700 years, Arabic was the international scientific language. In Pathfinders, Jim al-Khalili celebrates the forgotten, inspiring pioneers who shaped our understanding of the world during the golden age of Arab science. Among them are the Iraqi physicist Ibn al-Haytham, who applied the modern scientific method more than half a century before Bacon; al-Khwarizmi, the greatest mathematician of the medieval world; and Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, a Persian all-rounder comparable to Leonardo da Vinci.