Fundamental Verses of the Middle Way is an essential text from the Buddhist tradition, in which Nagarjuna explains the concept of emptiness. He argues that seemingly real things do not have an independent, unchanging existence. This leads to new insights into core concepts such as the Buddha and nirvana and provides a counterbalance to dogmatic belief. These verses are relevant for both Buddhists and philosophical discussions in ethics, metaphysics, and logic.
New translation and commentary
Michiel Leezenberg translated this text with respect for both its religious and philosophical content. The edition contains extensive commentary and an explanatory glossary of the key concepts.
About Nagarjuna
Nagarjuna (circa 150–circa 250) is one of the most influential thinkers in philosophical Buddhism. His work inspired later schools such as Zen Buddhism and remains relevant for contemporary philosophers.
About the translator
Michiel Leezenberg is a philosopher and classicist, specialized in non-Western philosophy. He previously translated, among others The Virtuous City by Al-Farabi.
Details and usage
- Language: Dutch
- Suitable for self-study, education, and philosophical deepening
- Reliable delivery via Intertaal, fast service guaranteed


